Pneumococcal Vaccination in Singapore
Pneumococcal disease is a severe infection caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, which can lead to life-threatening illnesses such as pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis.
It is highly contagious, spreading through respiratory droplets from coughs or sneezes.
Pneumonia is the 2nd leading cause of death in Singapore, claiming over 5,000 lives annually. Adults aged 65 and above, as well as young children, are especially vulnerable.
At Prologue The Lifestyle Medical Clinic, we practice safeguarding those we love with preventive pneumococcal immunisation, ensuring your family stays healthy and safe.
Pneumococcal Vaccines are commonly known as Pneumovax, Pneumo 23, and Prevenar.
Why is Pneumococcal Screening and Vaccination Important?
Vaccination against pneumococcal disease is essential because:
1
Pneumococcal infections can cause serious complications such as meningitis, bloodstream infections, and pneumonia.
2
Vaccination protects against multiple strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
3
It reduces hospitalisations, severe outcomes, and mortality rates, especially among high-risk groups.
Protecting your family through pneumococcal immunisation reduces their risk of severe illness and contributes to the health of the people around you.
The pneumococcal vaccine is part of Singapore’s National Childhood Immunisation Schedule (NCIS) and National Adult Immunisation Schedule (NAIS).
Common Symptoms of Pneumonia (caused by pneumococcal bacteria)
- Cough, fever, chills
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain
- Headache, fatigue
- Ear pain or stiff neck (especially in children and elderly)
- Confusion or disorientation (in older adults)
How Does the Pneumococcal Vaccine Work?
The pneumococcal vaccine contains inactivated components of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies. These antibodies provide long-term protection by recognising and neutralising the bacteria in the case of future exposure.
Types of Pneumococcal Vaccines
There are three types of pneumococcal vaccines available in Singapore: PCV 13, PCV 20, and PPSV 23.
Of which, the two most commonly used are PCV13 and PCV23.
PCV13:
- Protects against 13 common strains of pneumococcal bacteria.
- Offers extended protection when given before PPSV23.
PPSV23:
- Protects against 23 strains of pneumococcal bacteria.
For individuals requiring both PCV13 and PPSV23, PCV13 should be administered first, followed by PPSV23 ideally a year later for enhanced protection.
A newer type, Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV 20), is now available and protects against 20 common strains of pneumococcal bacteria. It currently requires only 1 dose and subsidies for this vaccine will be available from September.
Who Should Receive the Pneumococcal Vaccine?
Pneumococcal disease can affect anyone, but certain groups are at higher risk:
- Adults aged 65 and above
- Children below 5 years
- People with chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes, heart, lung, kidney, or liver diseases)
- People with weakened immune systems
- Smokers and individuals with excessive alcohol consumption
- Residents in long-term care facilities (e.g. nursing homes)
Infants and Children:
- Infants should receive two doses of PCV13 at 4 and 6 months, followed by a booster at 12 months.
- Children up to 4 years and 11 months old receive catch-up vaccinations if they miss the above doses.
- Seniors aged 65 and above receive one dose each of PCV13 and PPSV23 for lifelong protection against pneumococcal disease.
Elderly (65 years and above):
- Seniors aged 65 and above receive one dose each of PCV13 and PPSV23 for lifelong protection against pneumococcal disease.
Adults (18 years and older) with the following conditions should consult with their doctor on the details of their vaccination:
- Diabetes mellitus
- Chronic lung, heart, kidney, or liver diseases
- Cochlear implants or cerebrospinal fluid leaks
- Abnormal spleen function or weakened immunity due to illness or treatment
Coming Soon:
- PCV20 joins the National Adult Immunisation Schedule (NAIS) in September 2025
- Subsidies + MediSave available for eligible Singaporeans and PRs
What to Expect During a Pneumococcal Vaccination Appointment
We make the vaccination process seamless and reassuring for you and your family. Here’s what to expect:
Pre-Vaccination Consultation
A doctor will review your medical history, health status, and lifestyle to determine the recommended type and dosage of the vaccine.
Administration of the Vaccine
The vaccine is injected into the muscle, usually in the upper arm. Depending on your age and medical condition, you may receive PCV13 or PCV 20 or PPSV23
Post-Vaccination Care
You’ll be monitored briefly after the injection to ensure no immediate adverse reactions occur. Our team will guide you on managing any side effects and offer follow-up advice.
At Prologue The Lifestyle Medical Clinic, your comfort and peace of mind are our priorities as we help you take proactive steps toward better health.
Treatment Options and Pricing for Pneumococcal Vaccination
Our pneumococcal vaccination pricing starts from $86, exclusive of GST.
Ensuring Your Health with Pneumococcal Vaccines
Protecting yourself and your loved ones from serious illnesses starts with proactive measures like vaccination. Pneumococcal vaccines play a crucial role in safeguarding against life-threatening infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, and bloodstream infections.
At Prologue The Lifestyle Medical Clinic, we are dedicated to providing compassionate, personalised care to support your health at every stage of life. As a CHAS and Healthier SG Clinic, we strive to make high-quality care accessible with available subsidies for eligible patients.
Take proactive steps to protect your loved ones. Contact us today.
FAQ
How is pneumococcal disease transmitted?
It spreads through respiratory droplets from coughs or sneezes.
Who is eligible for subsidies when taking pneumococcal vaccinations?
Eligible Singapore citizens aged 65 and above, or those aged 18–64 with chronic conditions, can access subsidies at CHAS GP clinics or Healthier SG clinics. Eligible Healthier SG-enrolled Singapore citizens can receive fully subsidised pneumococcal vaccinations (PCV13 and PPSV23) for individuals aged 65 years and above and adults with specific medical conditions.
I am a Permanent Resident. How much will a pneumococcal vaccination cost?
PRs can access subsidies for pneumococcal vaccinations at polyclinics. MediSave may also cover out-of-pocket expenses at CHAS GP clinics and polyclinics.
If I already have pneumonia, can the pneumococcal vaccine still help?
The pneumococcal vaccine does not treat existing pneumonia but can protect you from future infections caused by other strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
How effective is the pneumococcal vaccine?
pneumoniae. The PCV13 vaccine protects against 13 common strains of the bacteria, while the PPSV23 vaccine covers an additional 10 strains for broader coverage.
A systematic review found that the PPSV23 vaccine is 54% effective in protecting adults over 50 years old from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD).
What are the side effects of the vaccine? Common Side Effects
- Some people may feel faint after vaccination (sit for 15 minutes to avoid fainting).
- Soreness, redness, or swelling at the injection site.
- Slight headache, body aches, or tiredness.
- Fever above 38°C, though uncommon.
(i) These side effects typically resolve within 2 to 3 days.
(ii) You may take Paracetamol to relieve pain or fever.
Rare Side Effects
Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) are rare but can occur within minutes to a few hours after a pneumococcal vaccination.
Symptoms of anaphylaxis include:
- Swollen face, eyes, lips, or tongue.
- Difficulty breathing.
- Widespread itchy rashes.
If you experience any rare but severe symptoms, inform your healthcare professional immediately or seek emergency medical care.
What should I take note of before receiving the pneumococcal vaccine?
Before receiving the pneumococcal vaccine, inform our team if you:
- Are allergic to the vaccine or any of its ingredients
- Have a history of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (a rare nerve condition)
- Are pregnant, planning to conceive, or breastfeeding
- Are unwell or have a fever
Pneumococcal immunisation is usually straightforward but can induce allergic reactions in some individuals. By thoroughly sharing your health history and other information with us, we can ensure that your pneumococcal vaccine is administered safely and effectively.
Can the pneumococcal vaccine be given together with other vaccines?
Yes, it can be administered alongside other vaccines, such as the flu vaccine.
Can I get the pneumococcal vaccine if I am currently unwell?
You can still receive the pneumococcal vaccine if you have a mild illness, such as a cold. However, if you have a moderate or severe illness, you might have to wait until you fully recover before getting vaccinated. Always consult your doctor for personalised advice.
What is PCV13 and PPSV23?
PCV13 protects against 13 pneumococcal strains, while PPSV23 protects against 23 strains.