Mammogram
Mammogram, or mammography, is a low-dose X-ray of the breast. It is used to detect changes in breast tissue. It can identify abnormalities such as small lumps, calcifications or tissue distortions that may not be felt during a physical exam.
Since it can reveal much smaller and deeper changes that are invisible to both patients and doctors, mammograms help doctors spot early signs of breast cancer, often years before symptoms develop.
Together, we can take care of your breast health. Schedule your mammogram at Prologue The Lifestyle Medical Clinic today and be proactive about your well-being.
Singapore Cancer Society reports that breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women in Singapore.
The good news is that when detected early, breast cancer is considered highly treatable. This is where mammograms play a critical role.
Unlike physical examinations, which may only detect lumps once they are large enough to be felt, a mammography test can uncover subtle changes in breast tissue long before symptoms appear.
Early detection through mammography matters because:
- Improved survival rates: Cancers found at an early stage are more likely to be treated successfully, with higher long-term survival.
- More treatment options: Smaller, early-stage cancers often require less invasive treatment, reducing the need for aggressive procedures.
- Better quality of life: Timely detection and intervention can minimise complications, recovery times and treatment side effects.
In Singapore, mammogram screening guidelines are shaped by national health policies to ensure women receive timely, appropriate care. These recommendations are based on age and individual risk factors.
Age Group | Screening Frequency | Notes |
Women aged 50–69 (average risk) | Every 2 years | This is the recommended mammogram age group as regular screening here significantly reduces the risk of death from breast cancer. |
Women aged 40–49 | Annual mammograms are optional. | You should consult with your doctor to discuss the benefits and limitations based on your personal health history. |
Average risk (Under 40) | Routine screening is not generally recommended. | Screening is usually not beneficial unless symptoms appear. Ultrasound may be used if concerns arise. |
High-risk individuals (family history of breast and ovarian cancer, BRCA mutations, prior chest radiation) | Screening may begin earlier than the typical mammogram screening age and include adjunctive imaging. | Doctors may recommend a personalised plan combining mammograms with ultrasound or MRI. Genetic counselling may also be advised. |
One of the main barriers to regular mammogram screening in Singapore is cost. To encourage women to prioritise their breast health, the Singapore government and local organisations have made subsidised mammograms widely accessible through national programmes.
Healthier SG Screening
Under the Healthier SG and initiative, eligible Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents can access subsidised mammograms at selected polyclinics and CHAS General Practitioner (GP) clinics. Fees vary depending on eligibility and scheme participation:
The cost of a mammogram under this program depends on your eligibility and enrollment status:
- Eligible Healthier SG-enrolled Citizens: The cost can be as low as $0, making it a highly accessible option.
- Standard Subsidised Rates: For other eligible individuals, a subsidised rate, typically around $50, is available. This rate is significantly lower than the full cost of a screening.
Other Mammogram Screening Programmes
The Singapore Cancer Society (SCS) offers subsidised mammograms through both fixed screening centres and mobile units.
For instance, SCS Mammobus is a mobile mammography unit that travels to different neighbourhoods. This makes screening even more convenient for women, as they don’t have to travel to a hospital or clinic.
A mammogram screening can feel a bit intimidating for many women, but understanding the process can help you feel more comfortable. The procedure is quick and straightforward, typically taking no more than 20 minutes from start to finish.
Before Your Appointment
- Wear a two-piece outfit, like a top and trousers or a skirt. This is for your convenience, as you will need to undress from the waist up for the scan.
- Avoid deodorant, powders, lotions or perfumes on your chest or underarms.
- If you are still having menstrual periods, schedule your mammogram appointment for about one week after your menstrual period begins. At this time, your breasts are usually less tender and swollen.
- Let the staff know if you are pregnant, breastfeeding or have breast implants.
During The Scan
- You’ll be asked to undress from the waist up and remove any jewellery. A gown that opens in the front will be provided.
- During the exam, you’ll stand in front of the mammography machine. The technologist will uncover one breast at a time, placing it on a support plate.
- The breast is then compressed between two flat plates. While this may cause mild to moderate pressure or discomfort, it is very brief and essential for spreading out breast tissue evenly. If it becomes too uncomfortable, let the technologist know.
- Two X-ray images of each breast are taken—one from the top and one from the side. In some cases, additional views may be requested for better clarity.
Once all images are complete, the procedure ends. You can get dressed and leave. Most people return to their usual activities right after a mammogram test.
After the Scan
If anything unusual is detected, you may be called back for additional imaging, such as an ultrasound, extra mammogram views or sometimes a biopsy. Being recalled does not necessarily mean cancer is present; it often just means the doctors need a closer look.
Mammograms have limitations. Women with dense breast tissue, which is more common in younger women, may find that small abnormalities are harder to detect. In such cases, doctors may recommend additional imaging, such as an ultrasound or an MRI, for clearer results.
There is also a chance of false positives (abnormal findings that are not cancer) or false negatives, which is why regular, repeated screening remains important.
A mammogram procedure also involves minimal radiation exposure. However, the benefits of early detection far outweigh these small risks, making mammograms a safe and reliable tool for protecting breast health.
FAQ
Does a mammogram hurt?
Most women feel some pressure or brief discomfort when the breast is compressed between the plates. The sensation lasts only a few seconds per image, and many women tolerate it well. Scheduling your scan about a week after your menstrual period can help minimise tenderness.
Is radiation from mammograms safe?
Yes. Mammograms use a very low dose of X-rays. The health benefits of detecting breast cancer early far outweigh this minimal risk.
Can I still get a mammogram while breastfeeding?
It is possible, but breast tissue during breastfeeding can appear denser, making images harder to interpret. Breastfeeding women are advised to nurse or pump beforehand to empty their breasts as much as possible before a mammogram.
How soon will I receive the results?
Results are usually available within 1–2 weeks, depending on the clinic or hospital. You will be contacted if further tests or follow-up appointments are needed.
Are mammograms available at private clinics/hospitals?
Yes. Mammograms are offered at most private hospitals, specialist clinics and diagnostic centres across Singapore.
What if the results are abnormal?
An abnormal result does not always mean cancer. It may simply mean more tests are needed for clarification, such as an ultrasound, extra mammogram views or a biopsy. Your doctor will explain the findings and guide you on the next steps.