Urinary Tract Infection
Urinary tract infections are common in women—One in five women aged 20-65 will experience a urinary tract infection (UTI) at least once a year, and roughly 50% of women will experience a UTI at least once in their lifetime.
Cystitis (bladder infection) makes up the majority of UTI infections. An upper urinary tract infection (pyelonephritis) is less common and can be associated with more serious complications.
If left untreated, UTIs can affect the kidneys and rest of the body, leading to more serious complications.
At Prologue The Lifestyle Medical Clinic, we believe every woman deserves a safe, supportive space to care for her urinary health—Our team is here to ensure women receive the UTI testing and care they need to thrive.
Symptoms of a UTI
Recognising the early signs of a UTI can help women seek timely treatment. Symptoms include:
- Fever, back pain, chills
- A burning sensation when urinating
- Frequent urge to urinate or incontinence
- Cloudy, bloody or strong-smelling urine
- Pain in the ribs, abdomen or above the pubic bone
- Pelvic pain, particularly around the bladder
- Fatigue and general discomfort
- Nausea and vomiting
If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a doctor promptly to avoid complications.
Types of UTIs
Urinary tract infections can affect different parts of the urinary system, each with unique symptoms and concerns:
1
Bladder Infection (Cystitis)
One of the most common UTIs, cystitis occurs when bacteria cause inflammation in the bladder, leading to frequent urination, discomfort, and a persistent urge to go.
2
Kidney Infection (Pyelonephritis)
If a bladder infection is left untreated, bacteria can travel to the kidneys, causing fever, chills, back pain, and more severe illness. Early treatment is key to preventing complications.
3
Urethra Infection (Urethritis)
This infection affects the urethra. Urethritis can cause pain during urination and can be caused by bacterial infections or irritation from external factors.
Understanding these UTI variations can help women seek targeted care and prevent further complications.
Causes of a UTI
Many urinary tract infections are a result of the bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli), which naturally reside in the intestines. However, bacteria entering the urinary tract can trigger an infection.
The risk factors for UTI include:
- Poor hygiene practices
- Holding in urine for long periods
- Not emptying your bladder fully
- Sexual activity, which can introduce bacteria
- Hormonal changes, such as those during pregnancy or menopause
- Other microorganisms, such as chlamydia and mycoplasma
- Specific birth control methods, including diaphragms
- Pregnancy—Often due to urinary tract or immunologic changes
- Menopause—Due to vaginal dryness
- Diabetes—As urine contains higher amounts of sugar
- Undergoing urinary surgery or an exam of your urinary tract
Men can also get UTIs. Men with an enlarged prostate, for example, are at higher risk of UTIs, as the condition makes it difficult to empty their bladder fully.
Understanding the risk factors can help women get the help they need to avoid the small yet vexing frustration of a urinary tract infection.
Fastest Ways to Clear a UTI
While rapid relief for UTI is possible, a full eradication of symptoms often takes a few days.
Some UTI treatments include:
- Antibiotics : A doctor will assess your need for antibiotics and prescribe if necessary prescribe
- Hydration: Drinking sufficient water daily helps flush bacteria from your system.
- Urinary alkalinisers: Over-the-counter solutions can ease symptoms.
- Avoiding irritants: Cutting back on caffeine, alcohol, and spicy foods can prevent further discomfort.
- Structural Abnormalities Treatment – If recurrent UTIs are linked to urinary tract issues like stones or kidney cysts, addressing these conditions helps prevent infections.
- Genital Tract Infection Treatment – Vaginal or lower genital infections can spread to the urinary tract and should be treated promptly.
For the fastest relief, consult a healthcare professional and start treatment early.
How is a UTI diagnosed?
Your doctor will enquire about your condition and recommend the following UTI tests to confirm a urinary tract infection:
- Urinalysis – A simple urine test that checks for white and red blood cells, bacteria, and other components.
- Urine Culture – A detailed lab test identifying the specific bacteria causing the infection to provide the proper treatment.
- Ultrasound Scan – Sound waves help create images of the bladder and kidneys to detect abnormalities or blockages.
- Computerised Tomography (CT) Scan – A detailed imaging test that provides cross-sectional views of the urinary tract to identify infections, stones, or structural issues.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Scan – A radiation-free imaging method used in complex cases to assess the urinary system in greater detail.
- Cystoscopy – A procedure where a thin, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the urethra and bladder to check for structural abnormalities or chronic infections.
For uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), doctors usually recommend a urinalysis and a urine culture to identify the specific bacteria causing the UTI.
More advanced tests are only needed for recurrent or complicated cases.
Treatment Options for UTIs
If diagnosed through a UTI test, treatment typically includes:
Antibiotics
Short courses (3-5 days) are effective for most cases.
Pain relievers
To alleviate discomfort while antibiotics take effect.
Lifestyle adjustments
Drinking water, urinating frequently, and maintaining hygiene help speed recovery.
If you’re experiencing UTI symptoms, our caring team of experts is here to help.
UTI: Complications and Related Conditions
Left untreated, UTIs can lead to:
Kidney Damage
If a bladder infection (cystitis) stays untreated, bacteria can spread to the kidneys and cause lasting damage.
Pregnancy Complications
UTIs during pregnancy increase the risk of premature birth and hypertension (high blood pressure), making early treatment essential.
Recurrent Infections
Women who experience more than four UTIs yearly are at a higher risk of chronic urinary tract infections.
Urethral Narrowing
In men, repeated urethritis can lead to scarring and narrowing of the urethra, causing difficulty in urination.
Septicaemia
In severe cases, bacteria from a UTI can enter the bloodstream, leading to septicaemia, a life-threatening condition requiring urgent medical care.
A Fresh Tract for Urinary Health
A woman’s well-being is the foundation of a healthy and happy family. Our doctors are highly skilled in managing simple and complex urological conditions and are experts in providing precise and empathetic care for a wide range of female urinary health concerns.
As a CHAS and Healthier SG Clinic, we encourage women to explore available subsidies.
Don’t let UTI disrupt your daily life—visit Prologue today for women-centred care.
FAQ
How can I prevent a UTI?
- Stay hydrated to keep the urinary tract flushed.
- Drink cranberry juice or take Vitamin C to increase the acidity of your urine and reduce bacterial growth.
- Wipe from front to back to prevent bacterial transfer.
- Avoid holding your bladder—Urinate regularly.
- Urinate after sexual activity to clear bacteria from the urethra.
- Choose breathable cotton underwear to reduce moisture buildup.
- Avoid excessive douching or harsh feminine hygiene products.
- Screen for health conditions such as Diabetes that may predispose to you to getting infections
How do I know if I have a UTI?
Symptoms include painful urination, frequent urination, cloudy urine, and pelvic discomfort.
Can I get rid of a UTI in 24 hours?
Appropriate use of antibiotic provide the fastest relief, but symptoms may take a day or two to subside entirely.
Will a UTI go away without antibiotics?
Mild cases may resolve on their own, but antibiotics are the most effective treatment.
What is the best home remedy for a UTI?
Drinking water, urinating frequently, and avoiding irritants can help but won’t replace antibiotics.
What foods should I avoid if I have a UTI?
Avoid caffeine, alcohol, spicy foods, and artificial sweeteners, which may worsen symptoms.
Can I prevent a UTI?
Yes, by staying hydrated, maintaining hygiene, and urinating after intercourse.
Are UTIs contagious?
No, but sexual activity can introduce bacteria that cause infections.
Can stress cause UTIs?
While stress weakens immunity, it does not directly cause UTIs.
Should I see a doctor for a UTI test?
Yes, especially if symptoms persist or worsen, to prevent complications.
What is considered a recurrent urinary tract infection?
Having UTI three or more times in a year.
Can a UTI go away on its own?
While some mild UTIs may resolve without treatment, most require medical attention. Leaving a UTI untreated can lead to kidney infections or recurrent infections. Seeking early intervention ensures effective relief and reduces the risk of complications.
